Parallel structure in the gettysburg address – The Gettysburg Address, a timeless oration by Abraham Lincoln, exemplifies the power of parallel structure in crafting an impactful speech. Lincoln’s skillful use of this literary device enhances the clarity, emphasis, and persuasive force of his words, leaving an enduring legacy in American rhetoric.
This discourse will explore the various forms and techniques of parallel structure employed in the Gettysburg Address, highlighting their significance in shaping the speech’s overall impact.
1. Introduction to Parallel Structure
Parallel structure is a literary device that uses the repetition of grammatical structures to create emphasis and clarity. It involves expressing similar ideas using similar grammatical forms, such as phrases, clauses, or sentences. Parallel structure is widely used in rhetoric and literature to enhance the impact and memorability of written and spoken language.
2. Parallel Structure in the Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address is a classic example of the effective use of parallel structure. Throughout the speech, Lincoln employs parallel structure to emphasize key points and to create a sense of unity and cohesion.
One notable instance of parallel structure occurs in the opening sentence: “Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.”
Lincoln’s use of parallel structure in this sentence highlights the significance of the nation’s founding principles and creates a sense of equality and unity among all citizens.
3. Types of Parallel Structure
| Type of Parallel Structure | Explanation | Example from the Gettysburg Address |
|---|---|---|
| Coordinate Structures | Using coordinating conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) to connect parallel elements. | “We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies.” |
| Correlative Structures | Using correlative conjunctions (such as either…or, neither…nor, both…and) to connect parallel elements. | “It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us.” |
| Antithetical Structures | Using contrasting conjunctions (such as although, though, however) to connect parallel elements. | “The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.” |
| Cumulative Structures | Using a series of parallel elements to build upon each other, creating a cumulative effect. | “We cannot dedicate—we cannot consecrate—we cannot hallow—this ground.” |
4. Techniques for Creating Parallel Structure
- Identify the key ideas or points that you want to emphasize.
- Determine the grammatical structure that best fits the ideas (e.g., phrases, clauses, sentences).
- Repeat the grammatical structure for each parallel element.
- Use coordinating, correlative, antithetical, or cumulative conjunctions to connect the parallel elements.
- Ensure that the parallel elements are grammatically and semantically parallel.
5. Benefits of Using Parallel Structure, Parallel structure in the gettysburg address
- Clarity:Parallel structure makes writing and speech easier to understand by organizing ideas in a clear and logical way.
- Emphasis:Parallel structure draws attention to key points and makes them more memorable.
- Impact:Parallel structure creates a sense of rhythm and momentum, enhancing the impact of the message.
- Conciseness:Parallel structure can help to reduce wordiness and make writing more concise.
- Elegance:Parallel structure adds a touch of elegance and sophistication to writing and speech.
FAQ: Parallel Structure In The Gettysburg Address
What is parallel structure?
Parallel structure is a literary device that involves using similar grammatical structures to express related ideas or concepts, creating a sense of balance and coherence.
How does Lincoln use parallel structure in the Gettysburg Address?
Lincoln uses parallel structure throughout the speech, most notably in the opening and closing paragraphs, to emphasize key ideas and create a sense of rhythm and flow.
What are the benefits of using parallel structure?
Parallel structure enhances clarity by organizing ideas logically, adds emphasis by highlighting important points, and creates a sense of rhythm and flow that makes writing or speech more engaging.
